Papa Hoʻohui Titanium Kūpaʻa i ka ʻAʻai ʻia ma ka Pahū i Welded ʻia no nā Mea Hoʻololi Wela a me nā Hana Moana

Hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia nā Papa Composite Tatinium me nā mea titanium maʻemaʻe a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea titanium alloy i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā mea metala a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea metala ʻole e hoʻokō i nā koi loea a me nā ʻano hana.

Nā ʻAno Maʻamau:

Papa Hui Pū ʻia ʻo Titanium/Titanium: I hana ʻia ma ka hoʻopili ʻana i ʻelua papa o nā papa like ʻole o ka titanium alloy a i ʻole titanium.

Papa Hui Pū ʻia Titanium/Kila: I hana ʻia ma ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i kahi papa hui titanium me kahi papa kila haʻahaʻa.

Papa Hui Pū ʻia Titanium/Alumini: I hana ʻia ma ke kāpili ʻana i kahi papa titanium me kahi papa alumini.

Papa Hui Pū ʻia Titanium/Fiber Carbon: I hana ʻia ma ke kāpili ʻana i kahi papa titanium alloy me kahi mea hui pū ʻia carbon fiber.

Papa Hui Pū ʻia Titanium/Ceramic: I hana ʻia ma ke kāpili ʻana i kahi papa hui pū ʻia titanium me kahi mea keramika.

1. Hoʻopaʻa pahū (Pahū Compositing):
Hoʻonoho ʻia nā ʻāpana metala ʻelua e hoʻohui ʻia ma ke ʻano like me kahi mamao kū pololei.
Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi nui i kāohi ʻia o ka mea pahū ma luna.
Hoʻomaka ʻia ka pahū ʻana mai kekahi ʻaoʻao.
ʻO ka ikehu nui i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka pahū e hoʻolalelale i ka papa luna (Compositeder, e.g. titanium) i lalo ma ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe.
Hoʻoulu kēia i kahi kuʻi wikiwiki a oblique me ka papa kumu (e like me ke kila), e hana ana i ke kahe plastik kūloko a me ka hoʻopaʻa metallurgical ma ka interface ("fluid-like behavior").
He hana kuʻi anu a paʻa kēia. Hiki ke ʻōwili wela ʻia ka papa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka mānoanoa hope loa i makemake ʻia.

2. Hoʻopaʻa ʻōwili:
ʻAno ʻōwili papa kaumaha:
Ua hoʻohui ʻia ka papa titanium a me ke kila i loko o kahi hoʻonohonoho i hoʻokomo ʻia.
Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi mea waena kūpono ma waena o lākou.
Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka ʻaha ma lalo o ka vacuum kiʻekiʻe me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wili uila electron a puni nā kihi.
Hoʻomehana ʻia ka ʻaha i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a laila kau ʻia i ke kaomi ikaika i loko o kahi wili pālahalaha kaumaha e hoʻokō ai i ka mānoanoa a me ka ikaika hoʻopaʻa e pono ai.

Ke ʻAno Hoʻomau Wela:
Ua hoʻākoakoa ʻia nā papa ʻelua me nā ʻāpana kila i hoʻokomo ʻia ma nā kihi.
Hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā kihi e ka wili arc i ka lewa.
A laila e ʻōwili mau ʻia ka ʻaha i loko o kahi wili tandem i ka mānoanoa e pono ai ma mua o ka unuhi ʻia ʻana.

3. Kaʻina Hana Hoʻoheheʻe Vacuum + Rolling Composite:
Hana mua ʻia ka waihona papa hui kila titanium-kila i kahi mānoanoa mua me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana kuʻihao vacuum.
A laila ʻōwili ʻia kēia papa i lalo i ka papa Composite titanium-steel ākea a lahilahi me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wili papa kaumaha waena.

● Nā Waiwai i Hoʻohui maikaʻi ʻia: Hoʻohui i nā pono o ka titanium (ke kū'ē i ka pala, ka lakio ikaika-a-kaumaha kiʻekiʻe, ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa) me nā waiwai o nā mea ʻē aʻe (e laʻa, ka paʻakikī o ke kila, ke ʻano māmā a me ka hiki ke hana o ka alumini, ke kū'ē ʻana o nā mea i hui pū ʻia i ka ʻaʻahu a me ke kū'ē ʻana i ka hopena).

● Ka Ikaika Hoʻopaʻa Interfacial Kiʻekiʻe: ʻO ka kaohi pololei ʻana o nā palena hana e hoʻonui nui i ka ikaika o ka hoʻopaʻa ma waena o ka papa titanium a me ke substrate. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o kahi papa TiC (Titanium Carbide) lahilahi mau ma ka interface titanium/steel hiki ke kāohi i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā hui intermetallic Ti-Fe brittle. ʻO ka hopena "pinning effect" e hoʻonui hou aku i ka ikaika o ka hoʻopaʻa interfacial.

Aerospace: Hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻāpana kūkulu mokulele, nā ʻāpana mīkini, nā ʻili o ka mokulele. ʻO ko lākou ikaika kūikawā a me ke kūpaʻa i ka pala e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka hana paʻa o nā ʻāpana aerospace ma lalo o nā ʻano kaiapuni koʻikoʻi.

ʻOihana Kemika: Hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā lako hana kemika, nā paipu, nā ipu, a me nā pahu. Hiki ke kū i nā kūlana paʻakikī e like me nā waikawa, alkalis, nā mahana kiʻekiʻe, a me nā kaomi kiʻekiʻe. Hōʻike i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka palaho i nā waikawa oxidizing ikaika, ka waikawa formic, ka waikawa acetic, nā waikawa organik, a me nā mea hoʻonāukiuki ʻē aʻe.

ʻEnekinia Moana: He mea kūpono no nā hale moku, nā kahua kai, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, e hāʻawi ana i ke kūʻē ʻana i ka pala a me ka abrasion i nā wahi kai.

Kahua Lapaʻau: Hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā prostheses, nā mea hana ʻokiʻoki, nā lako niho, a me nā mea lapaʻau ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā pono e pili ana i ka biocompatibility (ʻaʻohe ʻawahia, hypoallergenic), a me ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe i ka pala (ʻaʻole e popo).

ʻOihana Kaʻa: Pili i nā ʻāpana no nā kaʻa heihei hana kiʻekiʻe a me nā kaʻa halihali. Hoʻonui i ke kūpaʻa a me ka palekana. Hiki i kāna conductivity thermal a me ka uila maikaʻi ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana o nā ʻāpana.